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Learning the Greek Pronouns is very important because its structure is used in every day conversation. The more you practice the subject, the closer you get to mastering the Greek language. But first we need to know what the role of Pronouns is in the structure of the grammar in Greek.
Greek pronouns include personal pronouns (refer to the persons speaking, the persons spoken to, or the persons or things spoken about), indefinite pronouns, relative pronouns (connect parts of sentences) and reciprocal or reflexive pronouns (in which the object of a verb is being acted on by verb's subject).
In English personal pronouns are (I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they), and (me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them), In Greek, the personal pronouns are:
εγώ… (I), εσύ… (you), αυτός… (he), αυτή… (she), αυτό... (ιτ)
εμείς… (we), εσείς… (they masc.), αυτοί… (they fem.) αυτές... (), αυτά ()
Examples: εγώ μαθαίνω (I learn), εσύ μαθαίνεις (you learn), αυτός μαθαίνει (he learns), αυτή μαθαίνει (she learns), αυτό μαθαίνει (it learns), εμείς μαθαίνουμε (we learn), εσείς μαθαίνετε (you learn), αυτοί μαθαίνουν (they learn [masculine]), αυτές aprenden (they learn [feminine]), αυτά aprenden (they learn [neuter]).
Direct Object Personal Pronouns
Direct object pronouns are words that replace the direct object:
με (me), σε (you), τον (him), την (her), το (it), μας (us), σας (you), τους (them – masc.), τις (them – fem.), τα (them – neut.)
Examples: Σε βλέπω. (I can see you.) Τα διάβασες; (Did you read them?)
Indirect Object Personal Pronouns:
Indirect object pronouns are words that replace the indirect object, which is usually a person.
μου (me), σου (you), του (him), της (her), του (its), μας (us), σας (you), τους (them):
Examples: Δως μου το βιβλίο (give me the book). Σου λέω (I tell you).
Possessive Pronouns:
One possession
δικός μου (mine masc.), δική μου (mine fem.), δικό μου (mine, neut.)
δικός σου / δική σου / δικό σου (yours)
δικός του / δική του / δικό του (his)
δικός της, δική της, δικό της (hers)
δικός του, δική του, δικό του (its)
δικός μας / δική μας / δικό μας (ours)
δικός σας / δική σας / δικό σας (yours)
δικός τους / δική τους / δικό τους (theirs)
Examples:
Ο υπολογιστής είναι δικός μου. (The computer is mine.)
Η σαλάτα είναι δική σου. (The salad is yours.)
Το σπίτι είναι δικό μας. (The house is ours.)
Many possessions
δικοί μου, δικές μου, δικά μου (mine)
δικοί σου, δικές σου, δικά σου (mine,)
δικοί του, δικές του, δικά του (mine, plural fem.)
δικοί της, δικές της, δικά της (mine, plural fem.)
δικοί του, δικές του, δικά του (mine, plural fem.)
δικοί μας, δικές μας, δικά μας (mine, plural fem.)
δικοί σας, δικές σας, δικά σας (mine, plural fem.)
δικοί τους, δικές τους, δικά τους (mine, plural fem.)
Examples:
Οι υπολογιστές είναι δικοί μου. (The computers are mine.)
Οι σαλάτες είναι δικές σου. (The salads are yours.)
Τα σπίτια είναι δικά μας. (The houses are ours.)
Here are some examples:
| English Pronouns | Greek Pronouns |
|---|---|
| Pronouns | Antwnymies - Αντωνυμίες |
| I | Egw - Εγώ |
| you | eseis - εσείς |
| he | aftos - αυτός |
| she | afth - αυτή |
| we | emeis - εμείς |
| they | aftoi - αυτοί |
| me | mou - μου |
| you | esas - εσάς |
| him | afton - αυτόν |
| her | afthn - αυτήν |
| us | mas - μας |
| them | tous - τους |
| my | mou - μου |
| your | sas - σας |
| his | tou - του |
| her | ths - της |
| our | mas - μας |
| their | tous - τους |
| mine | oryxeio - ορυχείο |
| yours | dikos sas - δικός σας |
| his | dikos tou - δικός του |
| hers | dikos ths - δικός της |
| ours | dikos mas - δικός μας |
| theirs | dikes tous - δικές τους |
As you can see from the example above, the structure of the Pronouns in Greek has a logical pattern. Locate the Pronouns above and see how it works with the rest of the sentence in Greek.
Below is a list of the Personal pronouns, indefinite pronouns, relative pronouns, reciprocal or reflexive pronouns in Greek placed in a table. Memorizing this table will help you add very useful and important words to your Greek vocabulary.
| English Pronouns | Greek Pronouns |
|---|---|
| I speak | Milaw - Μιλάω |
| you speak | milate - μιλάτε |
| he speaks | Milaei - Μιλάει |
| she speaks | milaei - μιλάει |
| we speak | milame - μιλάμε |
| they speak | miloyn - μιλούν |
| give me | dwse mou - δώσε μου |
| na sas dwsei - να σας δώσει | |
| give him | dwse tou - δώσε του |
| give her | dwse ths - δώσε της |
| give us | dwse mas - δώσε μας |
| give them | dwse tous - δώσε τους |
| my book | to vivlio mou - το βιβλίο μου |
| your book | to vivlio sas - το βιβλίο σας |
| his book | to vivlio tou - το βιβλίο του |
| her book | vivlio ths - βιβλίο της |
| our book | to vivlio mas - το βιβλίο μας |
| their book | to vivlio tous - το βιβλίο τους |
Personal pronouns, indefinite pronouns, relative pronouns, reciprocal or reflexive pronouns have a very important role in Greek, therefore they need very special attention. Once you're done with Greek Pronouns, you might want to check the rest of our Greek lessons here: Learn Greek. Don't forget to bookmark this page.
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