Chinese Numbers
Learning the Chinese Numbers is very important because its structure is used in every day conversation. The more you practice the subject, the closer you get to mastering the Chinese language. But first we need to know what the role of Numbers is in the structure of the grammar in Chinese.
Chinese cardinal number convey the "how many" they're also known as "counting numbers," because they show quantity.
Grammar Tips:
In Mandarin numbers from 1 to 10 are
unique and therefore need to be memorized individually. Numbers from 11 and
upwards are formed by using the following pattern: for example 11 can be formed
by using 10 + 1 (shi+yi). 12 by 10 + 2 (shi+er), 21 by 2 +10 +1
(er+shi+ yi) and so on. 56 would be 5+10+6 (wu+shi+liu). There
are words for the bigger numbers, 100, 1000, 10.000 etc. The same rules apply
Here are some examples:
| English Numbers | Chinese Numbers |
| numbers | shù zì - 数字 |
| one | yī - 一 |
| two | èr - 二 |
| three | sān - 三 |
| four | sì - 四 |
| five | wǔ - 五 |
| six | liù - 六 |
| seven | qī - 七 |
| eight | bā - 八 |
| nine | jiǔ - 九 |
| ten | shí - 十 |
| eleven | shí yī - 十一 |
| twelve | shí èr - 十二 |
| thirteen | shí sān - 十三 |
| fourteen | shí sì - 十四 |
| fifteen | shí wǔ - 十五 |
| sixteen | shí liù - 十六 |
| seventeen | shí qī - 十七 |
| eighteen | shí bā - 十八 |
| nineteen | shí jiǔ - 十九 |
| twenty | èr shí - 二十 |
| hundred | bǎi - 百 |
| one thousand | yī qiān - 一千 |
| million | bǎi wàn - 百万 |
Counting in Chinese is very easy, the numerals are 一二三四五六七八九十百千万 1-yī 2-èr 3-sān 4-sì 5-wǔ 6-liù 7-qī 8-bā 9-jiǔ 10-shí 100-bǎi 1000-qiān 10000-wan. From this all numerals can be made, after 10, 100, 1000 or 10000 means de number has to be added, before it means you have to multiply the number it is standing before. 三百五十一 sān bǎi wǔ shí yī three times hundred plus five times ten plus one. (The same as our number system 351 means 3 x 100 + 5 x 10 + 1, only we leave out the powers of ten.)
As you can see from the example above, the structure of the Numbers in Chinese has a logical pattern. Locate the Numbers above and see how it works with the rest of the sentence in Mandarin.
List of Ordinal Numbers in Chinese
Chinese Ordinal numbers tell the order of things in a set: first, second, third, etc. Ordinal numbers do not show quantity. They only show rank or position. Below is a list of the Cardinal Numbers and Ordinal Numbers in Chinese. Memorizing this table will help you add very useful and important words to your Chinese vocabulary.
| English Numbers | Chinese Numbers |
| Ordinal Numbers | xù shù - 序数 |
| first | dì yī - 第一 |
| second | dì èr - 第二 |
| third | dì sān - 第三 |
| fourth | dì sì - 第四 |
| fifth | dì wǔ - 第五 |
| sixth | dì liù - 第六 |
| seventh | dì qī - 第七 |
| eighth | dì bā - 第八 |
| ninth | dì jiǔ - 第九 |
| tenth | dì shí - 第十 |
| eleventh | dì shí yī - 第十一 |
| twelfth | dì shí èr - 第十二 |
| thirteenth | dì shí sān - 第十三 |
| fourteenth | dì shí sì - 第十四 |
| fifteenth | dì shí wǔ - 第十五 |
| sixteenth | dì shí liù - 第十六 |
| seventeenth | dì shí qī - 第十七 |
| eighteenth | dì shí bā - 第十八 |
| nineteenth | dì shí jiǔ - 第十九 |
| twentieth | dì èr shí - 第二十 |
| |
| once | yī cì - 一次 |
| twice | liǎng cì - 两次 |
Cardinal Numbers and Ordinal Numbers have a very important role in Chinese, therefore they need very special attention. Once you're done with the Mandarin Numbers, you might want to check the rest of our Chinese lessons here: Learn Chinese. Don't forget to bookmark this page.